Tax-exempt municipal bonds are the primary financing tool that state and local governments use to build roads, schools, water supply systems, public and non-profit hospitals and other public infrastructure. Today there are more than $3.5 trillion in active municipal bonds from more than 50,000 individual governments.
- ICE has partnered with the University of Chicago to analyze how tax-exempt municipal bonds impact communities.
- Using a first-of-its-kind dataset, we identify the types of state and local governments that use municipal bonds, and the types of infrastructure investments financed by those bonds, across US Congressional districts.
- This analysis allows us to explore previously-unknown patterns of municipal bond borrowing and investments both within and across regions.
- This analysis is based on data from ICE municipal bond reference and geospatial data.
Municipal Bonds in Congressional Districts
Access the research and download pdfs by state and congressional district.
Where do municipal bond investors live?
“Heatmaps” show how much tax-exempt interest was claimed by individual taxpayers in each US Congressional district in 2022. Tax-exempt interest is a proxy for investment in tax-exempt municipal bonds.
ICE Muni Geospatial Library
Read more about the ICE Muni Geospatial Library that enabled this analysis.
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ICE team on the Public Money Pod
ICE's Larry Lawrence and Phoebe DeVries talk with hosts Justin Marlowe and Liz Farmer about the ICE Muni Geospatial Library, municipal bonds in congressional districts, and more.
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ICE team on the Public Money Pod
ICE's Larry Lawrence and Phoebe DeVries talk with hosts Justin Marlowe and Liz Farmer about the ICE Muni Geospatial Library, municipal bonds in congressional districts, and more.
Linking obligor-specific data to individual municipal bond securities
ICE Climate links hundreds of thousands of individual securities to the geospatial footprints of their obligors. Our geospatial downscaling and re-aggregation approach takes us one step further. It allows us to infer obligor-specific information about socioeconomic, education, employment, and health characteristics, as well as hazard and extreme weather risk.
Municipal bond exposure to Hurricanes Helene and Milton
A new hazard monitoring tool allows municipal bond market participants to better understand their exposure to extreme weather events.